Theory of Karma - Chapter 17
 

17. WHERE TO APPLY PURUSHARTHA AND WHERE TO RELY ON PRARABDHA ONLY

Of course, a parson gets only that which is destined in his Prarabdha. To get a job or business in life is Prarabdha. You will get only that type of higher or lower job or business which is destined in your Prarabdha. But to carry on that job or business with efficiency, honesty and sincerity requires Purushartha. You will get only that
much wealth which is destined in your Prarabdha, but to utilise it for worship and wisdom instead of recklessly wasting it after wine and women requires your present Purushartha.

A person has multifarious and numerous wants, desires, needs, requirements, likes etc. in his life.

(1) He wants material acquisitions like bungalows, furnished with costly furniture, sofa sets, cots, etc., a car, gold, money, good food, clothes, radio, TV, video etc. and what not. All these unlimited worldly materialistic objects for easy and comfortable life for sense gratification are known, in one word, as (ARTHA) Wealth.

(2) Then he requires wife, children, relatives, friends, good health, capable organs and senses etc. with whom he can enjoy his wealth. This 'desire to enjoy' is called KAMA.

(3) Even after being fully saturated by the above two (i) ARTHA-wealth and (ii) enjoyment, he feels vacuum and then he desires to follow ethics - religion by performing certain functions-say (YAJNA) sacrifice, giving alms, donations etc., (TAPA) penance, going to pilgrimage etc. All these in one word are known as (DHARMA) ethics.

(4) And ultimately even after satisfying all his above wants, he will still feel lacking and vacuum in life and then he will ardently crave for Moksha (liberation from the
cycle of birth and death).

Thus all the human wants, desires, likes, requirements etc. are categorised into four categories in our scriptures as under:

(1 ) DHARMA (ethics, religion)

(2) ARTHA (wealth-unlimited worldly materialistic objects)

(3) KAMA (enjoyment - Desire to enjoy wealth for sense gratification)
and

(4) MOKSHA (Liberation-emancipation from the cycle of birth and death).

For (1 ) DHARMA and (4) MOKSHA, a man should always constantly do Purushartha (efforts) and should never leave it to Prarabdha.
As for (2) ARTHA and (3) KAMA he should totally leave them to Prarabdha as he is going to get only that much of wealth (ARTHA) and enjoyment (KAMA) which is
destined in his Prarabdha (luck, fate, fortune) and nothing more in spite of all his Purushartha (efforts).

But unfortunately due to the ignorance of this law of Karma he goes in the wrong direction and ultimately he has to lose everything at the end of his life.

Instead of making any Purushartha (efforts) for (1) Dharma and (4) Moksha, he totally neglects it or leaves it to Praradbha only. While for (2) Artha (wealth) and (3)
Kama (enjoyment), he strives all his nerves and makes strenuous efforts (Purushartha) all throughout his life day and night and crazily hankers after them even when he is not going to get anything more than that is destined in his Prarabdha. Thus he fails in both the ways in life by making efforts in opposite and wrong directions.

Human body is given to acquire all these four : (1) Dharma, (2) Artha, (3) Kama and (4) Moksha, in proper sequence.

Hindu religion and its scriptures are not against having Artha (wealth) and Kama (enjoyment of wealth). A man is supposed to be and should be wealthy enough but that wealth must be earned and accumulated only and only through the medium of Dharma-ethics, through pious deeds and not by unethical crooked means and sins. That is why Dharma is given number 1 (one) in the sequence and wealth comes second. Wealth earned through the medium of Dharma (ethics and pious deeds) will lead you to worship and wisdom. While the wealth earned by unethical means and sins through crooked ways would lead you to wine and women.

With the wealth acquired through the medium of Dharma he is permitted to enjoy all the amenities of life and satisfy his KAMA, of course. within the limits of Dharma. This
permission is given not to fall into the pit of passion and to indulge and stoop into the enjoyment for sense gratification; but just to make him realise that it is unsatiable and therefore he should try to overcome it. Ultimately when he will realise the fruitlessness of enjoyment for sense gratification which is insatiable immediately he will realise the fruitfulness of Moksha. Consequently and subsequently he will renounce and will turn his face for self-realization and liberation from the cycle of birth and death i.e. MOKSHA which is the final target, the ultimate goal and also the main purpose for which he is gracefully given the human body by God.